Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is a treatment option for Barrett's esophagus with high-grade dysplasia (HGD). This has a high risk of progression to adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus. An alternative is oesophagectomy. NICE recommend considering endoscopic therapy as an alternative to oesophagectomy in people with high-grade dysplasia and intramucosal cancer, especially in patients who are considered unsuitable for surgery.