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The Bedrock layer is the basis on top of which the broader Logos Blockchain is built, operating as a large and decentralised peer-to-peer blockchain network. Its purpose is to provide consensus and a common context for Zone correctness and interoperability, while safeguarding participants’ privacy and remaining neutral and permissionless. It is also used by Sovereign Rollups to obtain the security benefits of the entire Logos Blockchain.
Bedrock simultaneously preserves the autonomy of Zones and the applications that run on them, as well as every user’s rights and access to their digital property and identity. While the average user will only interact with Bedrock in extraordinary circumstances, its presence in the background ensures that decentralised applications “just work” the way they should, without falling to corruption or malicious behaviour.
Bedrock also functions as a solid foundation for Sovereign Rollups built on Logos. It enables high-performance Sovereign Rollup applications to leverage the Logos Blockchain’s security guarantees.
Bedrock is organised into several key components, which can be visualised as a series of concentric circles, as shown in the diagram below. The most basic of these is the peer-to-peer network that allows Logos nodes to communicate with each other in a decentralised way. For more information on the Logos peer-to-peer network, refer to the P2P Network Specification.
Bedrock highlighted within the Logos Blockchain architecture diagram.
On top of the peer-to-peer network sits Cryptarchia, the Logos Blockchain’s consensus protocol used to reach an agreement about the state of the blockchain. As a Private Proof of Stake (PPoS) protocol, Cryptarchia gives all participants a proportional chance to propose a block, while ensuring that blocks cannot be linked to their proposers both before and after the proposal.
Mantle, a Bedrock component that serves as the operating system of the Logos Blockchain, provides a minimal shared execution environment for Zones that allows them to interact with Bedrock and Bedrock Services. This includes operations like writing data to the blockchain, as well as a restricted ledger of notes to support payments and staking. Mantle also defines Zone updates and coordination between Zone executors.
Sovereign Rollups make use of Mantle operations when posting their updates to the Logos Blockchain. Mantle ensures that Sovereign Rollup state updates are correctly ordered via the use of Mantle channels.
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Bedrock Crust remains in a state of active research at the time of writing.
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Finally, Bedrock Crust defines the high-level functionality shared primarily by Zones. This includes common standards such as a Common Ledger and execution model that enable Zones to have strong interoperability while facilitating private transactions.