These are just standard ranges; know what is normal for your dog.

Temperature

100-102.5 F

Lubricate a digital thermometer with water-soluble jelly (like KY) or coconut/olive oil and gently insert it into the rectum and listen for a beep.

Respiration

20-40 breaths per minute

Watch the chest cavity while at rest, calmly lying on the floor or standing. Please note respiratory effort (normal, labored, noisy, etc.).

Heart Rate

Puppy (under 1 year): 120-160 beats per minute

Small dog adult (under 30 lbs.): 100-140 beats per minute

Medium-large dog adult (over 30 lbs.): 60-100 beats per minute

Place your hand on the left side of the chest or the inner thigh of the rear leg and count the number of beats for 15 seconds & multiply by 4.

Mucous Membranes

Normal: Pink

Abnormal: Blue, brown, dark red, yellow, very pale or white

Check the gums, tongue, or inner eyelids for color.

Capillary Refill Time

Normal: -2 seconds

Gently but firmly press your finger on the gums so they blanch, or turn white, then remove your finger. Note the amount of time it takes for color to return to gums.

Hydration Status