Characteristic xanthomata seen in hyperlipidaemia:

Palmar xanthoma

• remnant hyperlipidaemia
• may less commonly be seen in familial hypercholesterolaemia

Eruptive xanthoma are due to high triglyceride levels and present as multiple red/yellow vesicles on the extensor surfaces (e.g. elbows, knees)

Causes of eruptive xanthoma

• familial hypertriglyceridaemia
• lipoprotein lipase deficiency

Tendon xanthoma, tuberous xanthoma, xanthelasma

• familial hypercholesterolaemia
• remnant hyperlipidaemia

Xanthelasma

Xanthelasma are yellowish papules and plaques caused by localized accumulation of lipid deposits commonly seen on the eyelid. They are also seen in patients without lipid abnormalities.

Management of xanthelasma, options include:

• surgical excision
• topical trichloroacetic acid
• laser therapy
• electrodesiccation

Xanthelasma around the left eye