Resource: Conjugation of Japanese verb toru - to take, steal 取る (japaneseverbconjugator.com)
| Tense | Explanation | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Present Indicative | The indicative mood is for ordinary, objective statements of fact. The present tense is used for incomplete habitual actions as well as for future intent | |
| Presumptive | Expresses intention or probability. | I will probably go there, let’s do this… |
| Imperative | For giving commands. Generally too abrupt for most situations other than telling off children or husbands but can be softened by adding "please" (kudasai) | Come here please, Please don't worry, Go! |
| Past Indicative | The past indicative mood is actions completed in the past (I ate, I worked etc) and also for the equivalent of the present perfect in English (I have eaten, I have worked etc) | |
| Past Presumptive | Generally used to express probability or belief regarding the past. | Fred probably went to Japan, I suppose Ultraman 7 got tired |
| Present Progressive | Used for action in progress, continuous action, state of being. Also used to express the same meaning as the English present perfect. | |
| Unlike English it cannot be used for future intention (tomorrow I'm eating out, I'm going out later etc) | I'm writing a letter, I'm eating sushi now | |
| Provisional Conditional eba | Used for the situations where "If" might be used in English. | If I meet Ayumi Hamasaki I'll be happy, If it's cheap I'll buy it |
| Conditional (-tara form) | Used for wide range of conditional and if meanings, past occurence, hypothesis etc | If it was a good book I'd buy it, If it's expensive I won't buy it |
| Potential | Expresses the idea of ability or cabability | Fred can speak Japanese, I can play Tennis |
| Causative | Expresses the idea of making or causing someone to do something. My mum made me clean my room etc |
It can also mean "let" or "allow". Please let me play! | Please let me pay, I made my son study | | Passive | The passive - like in English - is used when something is done to someone/something by someone/something else. My bag was stolen, He hit me etc | My car was stolen, The book was written last year |
好き すき gustar / like
| Casual | Polite | |
|---|---|---|
| Present + | 好き | 好きです |
| Present - | 好きじゃない | 好きではありません |
| Past + | 好きだった | 好きでした |
| Past - | 好きじゃなかった | 好きではなかったです |
| ? Present | 好き？ | 好きですか？ |
| ? Past | 好きだった？ | 好きでしたか？ |
| Presumptive | ||
| Presumptive - | ||
| Past Presumptive | ||
| Past Presumptive - | ||
| Present Progressive | ||
| Present Progressive - | ||
| Imperative | ||
| Imperative - |
行く いく ir / go
| Casual | Polite | |
|---|---|---|
| Present + | 行き | 行きます |
| Present - | 行かない / いかない | 行きません / いきません |
| Past + | 行った / いった | 行きました / いきました |
| Past - | 行かなかった | 行きませんでした |
| ? Present | 行きますか? / いきますか？ | |
| ? Past | 行きませんか？/ いきませんか？ |
する hacer / do
| Casual | Polite | |
|---|---|---|
| Present + | する / やる | します / やります |
| Present - | しない / やらない | しません / やりません |
| Past + | した / やった | しました / やりました |
| Past - | しなかった / やらなかった | しませんでした / やりませんでした |
| ? Present | する？ / やる？ | しますか？/ やりますか？ |
| ? Past | した？/ やった？ | しましたか？/ やりましたか？ |
する
やる acción física
持つ もつ tener / have
| Casual | Polite | |
|---|---|---|
| Present + | 持つ | 持ちます |
| Present- | ||
| Past + | ||
| Past - | ||
| ? Present | ||
| ? Past |
▼Present
C: 持つ
P:持ちます
▼Past