Case Studies
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Key Words
- Rural: Area which is sparsely populated / countryside
- Urban: Area which is densely populated and developed
- Urbanisation: Increase in proportion of people living in urban areas compared to rural areas
- Migration: Movement of people from one place to another
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causes of urbanisation
| Pull Factors |
Push Factors |
| Access to healthcare |
War and conflict |
| Religious tolerance |
Pollution |
| Advanced resources |
Lack of access to water |
| Better education |
No sanitation |
| Better facilities |
Lack of employment |
| Good economy |
Poor living conditions |
| Access to services |
High cost of living |
- Rapid urban growth can lead to poverty, overpopulation, increasing pollution, health problems, unemployment, lack of crucial resources and environmental hazards.
urban land use models
- CBD: Commercial and business center
- Factories: Industrial areas where goods are produced
- Working-class housing: Residential areas for low-income workers
- Middle-class housing: Residential areas for middle-income population
- High-class housing: Residential areas for high-income families
Hoyt Model
- Cities grow in sectors along transportation routes
- Emphasises the role of transportation and social class
- The Hoyt Model is more accurate as a city is planned more practically.
- The cities of London and Chicago are laid out in this model type, one of which is a well-known city and a hub of business.
Burgess Model
- Cities grow outward in concentric circles from the center
- Focuses on socio-economic status and residential patterns
- eExamples: Detroit, London, Mumbai
megacities
- A megacity has a population of more than 10 million.
- Shanty towns: Very poor areas of a city with informal housing.
- LICs: Low-Income Countries with weaker economies.
Examples of Megacities: