📘 Unit I: OOP Basics (9 Hrs)

🔹 Introduction to OOP

✅ Basic Concepts of OOP:

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming model based on objects, which can contain data and functions.

A class in C++ is a user-defined data type that serves as a blueprint for creating objects. It encapsulates data members (variables) and member functions (methods) into a single unit. Classes are fundamental to object-oriented programming (OOP), enabling features like encapsulation, abstraction, and data hiding.

🔑 Key Principles:

• Class: Blueprint for creating objects
• Object: Instance of a class
• Data Abstraction: Hiding details and showing only essentials
• Encapsulation: Wrapping data and functions together
• Data Hiding: Restricting access to internal object details
• Reusability: Use existing code via inheritance
• Inheritance: Deriving new classes from existing ones
• Polymorphism: One name, many forms (function/operator overloading)
• Overloading: Same function/operator works in different ways
• Dynamic Binding: Decision made at runtime
• Message Passing: Objects communicate using function calls

✅ Benefits of OOP

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) offers several key benefits that make it a powerful programming paradigm, especially for building large, scalable, and maintainable software systems.