Route 53 is AWS's DNS (Domain Name System) service. It translates domain names into IP addresses.

User types: example.com
Route 53 returns: 54.22.33.44
Browser connects to that IP

Route 53 only stores and returns the IPs you give it. It never creates or assigns IPs on its own.


Who Actually Assigns IPs?

AWS assigns IPs when you create resources. Route 53 just stores the mapping you tell it.

You launch EC2 instance   -> AWS assigns it 11.22.33.44
You create Load Balancer  -> AWS assigns it 55.66.77.88

Then YOU go to Route 53 and say:
"mysite.com should point to 11.22.33.44"

Route 53 just stores that instruction.

Key Features

Feature What it means
Highly available and scalable Always works, handles massive traffic
Fully managed AWS handles all maintenance
Authoritative DNS You control and update your DNS records
Domain Registrar You can buy domain names through Route 53
Health Checks Monitors if your resources are working
100% Availability SLA Only AWS service with this guarantee
Named after Port 53 Traditional DNS port number

DNS Records

A DNS record is an instruction stored in Route 53 that tells the DNS system what to do with a domain name.

What Each Record Contains