• Generally, tubular diseases are acute
• caused by toxins
• None of them ever cause nephrotic syndrome or give massive proteinuria
• Biopsy is not needed to establish a diagnosis
• They are not treated with steroids
• Additional immunosuppressive medications are not used
• treated by correcting hypoperfusion and removing the toxin

Renal Tubular Acidosis

ATN

Acute Interstitial Nephritis (AIN)

RTA

Order: Fanconi’s BaGeLS

Fanconi Syndrome

Gitelman syndrome

Gitelman syndrome is an autosomal recessive (maybe autosomal dominant) kidney disorder characterized by hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis with hypocalciuria, and hypomagnesemia. It is caused by loss of function mutations of the thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride symporter (also known as NCC, NCCT, or TSC) located in the distal convoluted tubule.

Features