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Help : If you want be great in problem solving read this book Gerogy Polya Strategy

or you can read this summary here

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1. Understand The Problem

Ask Questions ?

1. can i restate the problem in my own words ?
2. What are the inputs that go into the problem ?
3. What are the outputs that should come from the solution to the problem ?
4. do i have enough information to solve the problem ?
5. How should i label the important pieces of data that are a part of the problem ?

2. Concrete Examples

Coming up with examples can help you understand the problem better and reveal hidden cases.

Explore Examples

• Start with simple examples Example: "hello" → {h:1, e:1, l:2, o:1}
• Progress to more complex examples Example: "mississippi" → {m:1, i:4, s:4, p:2}
• Explore empty inputs Example: "" → {}
• Explore invalid inputs Example: null or 123 → Decide how your program should handle these.

3. Break It Down

Explicitly write out the steps needed to solve the problem.

• If you need to make an object, write:

  “Make an empty object to store results.”

• If you need to use a loop, write:

  “Create loop for each character in the string.”

• If there are steps inside the loop, write them clearly:

  “Check if character exists in the object → update count or set to 1.”