Perfect 5 marker for producing monoclonal antibodies

1. Pathogen injected to mouse to get a immune response
2. Lymphocytes extracted that make specific antibodies complementary to the pathogen
3. Combine with a tumour cell to make hybridomas
4. its cloned so that many identical cells are produced
5. All the cells make the same antibody
6. The monoclonal antibodies are collected and purified

Uses of monoclonal antibodies:

• Pregnancy tests
• Treating cancer by delivering drugs into the body
• Measuring levels of drugs or hormones in the blood for sport

🧠 Exam-style questions

• Why would a pregnancy test not work? (1)