Routing

Structure of how a mixer works (ex. Protools)

<aside> 🎛️ Mixer

An audio mixer is a device with the primary function to accept, combine, process and monitor audio. Mixers are primarily used in four types of environments: live (at a concert), in a recording studio, for broadcast audio, and for film/television.

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Basic Signal Flow

Basic Signal Flow

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Mixer Components

INSERT FX	SEND FX	BUSES
EQ/Filter	Reverb	Main Mix
Expander	Chorus	Subgroup
Gate	Flanger/Phaser	Auxilliary (SEND)
Compressor	Delay	Solo
		Pre-fader listen (PFL)

Inserts vs Sends

INSERTS	SENDS
Individual for all channels depending on the instrument characteristics	Influences a group of channels
Essential for a good mix	Minimizing the risk of systems overload
Not good for mixing (”disconnected from environment”)	Homogenous sounds

Buses

A BUS is a group of channels that is being sent to the output.

<aside> 🎛️ STEMs

Subgroup buss that puts several instruments of the same group together.

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<aside> 🎛️ AUX bus

Is a destination point of channels or subgroup busses where effects can be applied upon and sent to an output

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<aside> 🎛️ Solo Bus

is when you are able to distinct an individual track and listen to it and there are several ways to listen to it and it is pre-fader and post-fader.

pre-fader bus what it means is that we are able to listen to chosen channels without faders influencing any alterations on the output and this is used to for example create an on-stage mix.
post-fader bus where the faders proportionally put more effect as you put the fader down which is very often used by audio engineers in live performance situation FoH (Front of House) to balance the space and create for example an accurate simulation of the room </aside>