https://drive.google.com/file/d/1_dQnJ-jC5B8QTevkYdH8K-k4jJhCmsqQ/view?usp=sharing

1. Understanding Volume Group Operations

Key Concepts

• Merge VGs: Combine two Volume Groups into one (all LVs/PVs become part of the target VG).
• Split VG: Extract a Physical Volume (PV) from a VG to create a new VG.
• Requirements:
  • All LVs must be unmounted and deactivated.
  • PVs must be unused (no LVs allocated on them for split).

2. Lab Setup: Create Two Volume Groups

Prepare Disk Partitions

# Partition /dev/sdb (assuming 10GB+ disk)
sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
# Commands:
#   n → p → 1 → [Enter] → +5G → t → 8e
#   n → p → 2 → [Enter] → [Enter] → t → 8e
#   w
sudo partprobe
lsblk    # Verify sdb1, sdb2

Create Physical Volumes (PVs)

sudo pvcreate /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2
sudo pvs

Create Two Volume Groups (VGs)

sudo vgcreate vg1 /dev/sdb1
sudo vgcreate vg2 /dev/sdb2
sudo vgs    # Verify two separate VGs

Create Logical Volumes (LVs)

# Create LVs using 1000 extents (not MB!)
sudo lvcreate -l 1000 -n lv1 vg1
sudo lvcreate -l 1000 -n lv2 vg2
sudo lvs

💡 Note: -l = extents (not MB). Check extent size with vgdisplay vg1.

Format and Mount

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg1/lv1
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg2/lv2

sudo mkdir /test1 /test2
sudo mount /dev/vg1/lv1 /test1
sudo mount /dev/vg2/lv2 /test2

# Add test data
echo "cal" | sudo tee /test1/cal
echo "date" | sudo tee /test2/date
sudo touch /test1/{1..10}
sudo touch /test2/{a..z}