🎯 1. What Is the Collections Framework?

Collections Framework = a set of classes & interfaces to store and manage groups of objects efficiently.

Instead of writing your own:

• dynamic array
• linked list
• map
• stack
• queue

Java gives you ready-made, optimized versions.

⭐ 2. Why Do We Need Collections?

Primitive arrays are limited:

• ❌ Fixed size
• ❌ No built-in sorting/searching
• ❌ No flexible insertion/removal
• ❌ No hashing, mapping, or queues

Collections fix all of this.

✔ Dynamic

✔ Faster operations