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Regenerative agriculture is a holistic approach to farming that seeks to restore and enhance soil health, increase biodiversity, and improve ecosystem resilience. Unlike organic agriculture, which follows a strict regulatory framework, regenerative agriculture is more flexible and context-specific. It is not a one-size-fits-all approach but rather a set of guiding principles that farmers can adapt to their unique environments. The core idea is to work with nature rather than against it, ensuring that the land is left in a better condition than it was found.

The following six key principles form the foundation of regenerative agriculture:

1. Minimize Soil Disturbance – Avoid excessive tillage and plowing to maintain soil structure, protect soil life, and reduce nutrient and water loss.
2. Keep the Soil Covered – Use cover crops, mulch, and organic matter to shield the soil from erosion, moisture loss, and temperature extremes.
3. Maintain Living Roots Year-Round – Ensure continuous plant growth to sustain soil biology, enhance carbon sequestration, and stabilize soil.
4. Increase Plant Diversity – Promote biodiversity by growing a variety of crops, which supports soil microbes, prevents pest outbreaks, and improves resilience.
5. Integrate Animals – Incorporate livestock into farming systems to enhance nutrient cycling, improve soil fertility, and stimulate plant growth.
6. Integrate Trees – Use agroforestry techniques to provide windbreaks, shade, wildlife habitat, carbon storage, and improved soil stability.

Each of these principles plays a vital role in creating a self-sustaining and resilient agricultural system. The details of each principle are explored further in the following, demonstrating how they contribute to a thriving ecosystem that regenerates rather than depletes the land.

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Key Principle 1: Minimise Soil Disturbance