Exfoliation is a process of removing dead skin in the body. I have written a basic post on exfoliation before, you can know more about it there – Exfoliation in Brief

Manual Exfoliation –

A manual exfoliant is any product that requires a rubbing or scrubbing action, hence the term ‘manual exfoliation’. This could be a scrub that you apply with your hands. Or it could be a tool that does the scrubbing action for you, such as a brush

Physical exfoliants work on the uppermost layers of skin. These products speed up the natural exfoliation rate and help to keep skin soft, smooth, and healthy.

Things you need for formulating  –

The basic formulation of mechanical scrub is pretty simple and neat –

Base + Active  – Carrier Liquid – water or oil or emulsification – upto 100 (Depending on the exfoliators)

Functional – Emulsifier (if anhydrous) – 5 – 20 %

Additive (Functional) – Exfoliator – up to 35 %

Aesthetics –

Essential Oil – 1 – 2 % (optional)

Natural Powders – 0.5 – 2 % (optional)

Dried flowers or herbs  1 – 2 % (optional)

Additives – Clays 1- 2 % (optional)

Functional – Preservative or antioxidant – As per product

Some basic ingredients that you can use –

For Oily Skin – Sunflower Oil, Safflower Oil, jojoba oil

For Dry Skin – Coconut Oil, Shea Butter

For Sensitive – Rosehip oil, Almond Oil