Pneumocystis (PCP)

Leukoplakia | Erythroplakia

Opportunistic Infections

CD4 200 - 500

oral thrush, shingles, hairy leukoplakia, Kaposi sarcoma

CD4 100 - 200

cryptosporidiosis; cerebral toxoplasmosis; progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, PCP pneumonia, Histoplasmosis, HIV dementia

CD4 50 - 100

Aspergillosis; esophageal candidiasis; cryptococcal meningitis; primary CNS lymphoma

CD4 <50

CMV retinitis; Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection

The table below shows the infections and other disorders that may be encountered by patients with HIV according to the CD4 count.

CD4 count 200 - 500 cells/mm³

Disorder Notes
Oral thrush Secondary to Candida albicans
Shingles Secondary to herpes zoster
Hairy leukoplakia Secondary to EBV
Kaposi sarcoma Secondary to HHV-8

CD4 count 100 - 200 cells/mm³

Disorder Notes
Cryptosporidiosis Whilst patients with a CD4 count of 200-500 may develop cryptosporidiosis the disease is usually self-limiting and similar to that in immunocompetent hosts
Cerebral toxoplasmosis
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy Secondary to the JC virus
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia
HIV dementia

CD4 count 50 - 100 cells/mm³

Disorder Notes
Aspergillosis Secondary to Aspergillus fumigatus
Oesophageal candidiasis Secondary to Candida albicans
Cryptococcal meningitis
Primary CNS lymphoma Secondary to EBV