With model
//by id:
Modelname::find($someId);
//Throw error when there isnt anything found:
Shares::findOrFail($someId);
//By something other than ID (e.g. 'email'); (only first one;)
$targetUser = User::where('email', '=', $email)->first();
Duplicating a record:
How to duplicate a database record in Laravel
$post = Post::find(1);
$newPost = $post->replicate();
$newPost->created_at = Carbon::now();
$newPost->save();