The file stream consists of the _IO_FILE
structure. Even essential file streams such as stderr
, stdout
, stdin
consist of the _IO_FILE
structure too.
Thus, _IO_FILE
is a structure used to consisting a file stream in the Linux system's standard library.
At the libc, the _IO_FILE
structure chaining with a Single linked list.
_IO_list_all ->
_IO_2_1_stdin_.file._chain ->
_IO_2_1_stdout_.file._chain ->
_IO_2_1_stdin_.file._chain
struct _IO_FILE
{
int _flags; /* High-order word is _IO_MAGIC; rest is flags. */
/* The following pointers correspond to the C++ streambuf protocol. */
char *_IO_read_ptr; /* Current read pointer */
char *_IO_read_end; /* End of get area. */
char *_IO_read_base; /* Start of putback+get area. */
char *_IO_write_base; /* Start of put area. */
char *_IO_write_ptr; /* Current put pointer. */
char *_IO_write_end; /* End of put area. */
char *_IO_buf_base; /* Start of reserve area. */
char *_IO_buf_end; /* End of reserve area. */
/* The following fields are used to support backing up and undo. */
char *_IO_save_base; /* Pointer to start of non-current get area. */
char *_IO_backup_base; /* Pointer to first valid character of backup area */
char *_IO_save_end; /* Pointer to end of non-current get area. */
struct _IO_marker *_markers;
struct _IO_FILE *_chain;
int _fileno;
int _flags2;
__off_t _old_offset; /* This used to be _offset but it's too small. */
/* 1+column number of pbase(); 0 is unknown. */
unsigned short _cur_column;
signed char _vtable_offset;
char _shortbuf[1];
_IO_lock_t *_lock;
#ifdef _IO_USE_OLD_IO_FILE
};
_IO_2_1_stdin_.file._IO_buf_base
must be overwritable.stdin
such as fgets
, scanf
, etc... then call itCommonly, If the libc address is can be leaked, overwrite such as __malloc_hook
function.
vtable
must be overwritablestruct _IO_FILE_plus
{
_IO_FILE file;
const struct _IO_jump_t *vtable;
};
vtable
variable is consisted by _IO_jump_t
structure and when a file management function is got called, the function will be called with reference to this table.
const struct _IO_jump_t _IO_file_jumps libio_vtable =
{
JUMP_INIT_DUMMY,
JUMP_INIT(finish, _IO_file_finish),
JUMP_INIT(overflow, _IO_file_overflow),
JUMP_INIT(underflow, _IO_file_underflow),
JUMP_INIT(uflow, _IO_default_uflow),
JUMP_INIT(pbackfail, _IO_default_pbackfail),
JUMP_INIT(xsputn, _IO_file_xsputn),
JUMP_INIT(xsgetn, _IO_file_xsgetn),
JUMP_INIT(seekoff, _IO_new_file_seekoff),
JUMP_INIT(seekpos, _IO_default_seekpos),
JUMP_INIT(setbuf, _IO_new_file_setbuf),
JUMP_INIT(sync, _IO_new_file_sync),
JUMP_INIT(doallocate, _IO_file_doallocate),
JUMP_INIT(read, _IO_file_read),
JUMP_INIT(write, _IO_new_file_write),
JUMP_INIT(seek, _IO_file_seek),
JUMP_INIT(close, _IO_file_close),
JUMP_INIT(stat, _IO_file_stat),
JUMP_INIT(showmanyc, _IO_default_showmanyc),
JUMP_INIT(imbue, _IO_default_imbue)
};
The _IO_FILE_plus.vtable
has file function pointers. when the file function's got called, the corresponding function's pointer will be invoked from there.