🎯 1. What is Abstraction?

Abstraction = showing only essential features and hiding unnecessary details.

You interact with what something does, not how it works.

Example (real world):

• You drive a car → you don’t see the engine mechanism
• You use a phone → you don’t know the chipset structure

This is abstraction.

⭐ 2. Why Abstraction Matters?

✔ Reduces complexity

✔ Hides internal logic

✔ Clean & focused design

✔ Helps build frameworks & APIs

✔ Allows different implementations

🧱 3. Abstraction in Java (Two Ways)

Java provides two mechanisms:

1️⃣ abstract classes

2️⃣ interfaces (covered later)