Pulmonary Embolism

Lung infarction is a rare complication of PE due to the collateral blood flow supplied by the pulmonary and bronchial arteries.

Risk Assessment Models (RAMs)

PADUA Prediction Score

Read: DVT AND PE ANTICOAGULATION PROPHYLAXIS IN MEDICALLY ILL PATIENTS

DVT patient not suitable for outpatient treatment

• Presence of Massive Deep Vein Thrombosis ( Iliofemoral )
• Presence of Symptomatic pulmonary embolism
• High risk of bleeding with anticoagulant therapy
• Presence of co-morbid conditions or other factors that warrant in hospital care

Use IVC filter if:

1. Contraindication to the use of anticoagulants (eg, recent surgery, hemorrhagic stroke, bleeding diasthesis, active bleeding)
2. Recurrent emboli while on heparin or fully therapeutic warfarin (INR of 2-3)

• recurrent but secondary to non-compliance or subtherapeutic cases just need repeated anticoagulation with different/better agent, rather than filter
• RV dysfunction with an enlarged RV on echo.

Acute complications: