CMV - multiple ulcers

Cryptosporidium - Non-ulcerative inflammation; basophilic clusters in mucosal cells

Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome

Multiple hamartomatous polyps in association with:

• Melanotic spots on the lips and skin
• Increased frequency of breast cancer
• Increased gonadal and pancreatic cancer

most common presentation is with abdominal pain due to intussuception/ bowel obstruction

Gardner Syndrome

A variant of FAP, Colon cancer in association with:

Osteomas, Desmoid tumors and other soft tissue tumors (lipomas, cysts, and fibrosarcomas)

Osteomas may be found incidentally on x-ray; then, next step should be colonoscopy

Turcot Syndrome

Colon cancer in association with CNS malignancy

After abdominal aortic aneurysm repair and blood in the stool =>suspect ischemic colitis => do sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy to assess colon viability, if CT scan is inconclusive, do not use Barium enema=>can cause perforation.

Ogilvie's syndrome