A component of Cell terminal voltage.
Open-circuit voltage curve is one of the cell(group) parameters.
Open-circuit voltage curve changes as a result of Loss of lithium inventory and Loss of active material as described in [1].
Open-circuit voltage relationship depends on the cell temperature. [2]
Terminological note: ‣, dQ/dV (or dV/dQ) is a fancy name for “usage of the open-circuit voltage (OCV) function”. OCV function of capacity/stoichiometry though, not SoC, because SoC itself is calculated using this function. dQ/dV doesn’t contain any new information relative to the OCV function, it’s just another form of it in which the human eye can spot changes more easily.
Electrode lithiation stages explains the open-circuit voltage of graphite.
[1] Degradation diagnostics for lithium ion cells
[2] A Study on the Open Circuit Voltage and State of Charge Characterization of High Capacity Lithium-Ion Battery Under Different Temperature (2018)