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CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), mainly used for HTML although possible to use for XML.
Three ways to apply style:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/style.css"><style></style> in head, syntax exactly same as external.<p style="color: blue">, better to prevent this for separation of concern.Final defined styles will override the previous one.
The previous one will only be persisted when specified as !important, where should be prevented most of the time, as the code should have designed properly without overrules.
The W3C CSS Validation Service
Three common levels of selector:
p {…}..toc {…}, where in HTML, <nav class="toc">. The ideal way, as more specific than generic element. A class can appear multiple times in HTML.#toc {...}, where in HTML, <nav id="toc">. Less ideal as too specific, where an ID should only appear once in HTML. ID is more useful for operations inside HTML/JS, not for CSS.Use <span class="...">...</span> inline, for special inline styles.
h2 {
border-bottom: 1px solid #999;
}
.toc {
color: gray;
border: 1px solid #999;
}
p code {
/* All code inside paragraph will be blue */
color: blue;
}