1. pwd → print working directory
2. cd dir → change directory
3. cd .. or cd ../../
4. ls → list all files and folders in the current working directory
   • ls -l → long listing format (shows permissions, owner, size, and timestamp)
   • ls -r → reverse the order of the output
   • ls -lr → long listing format in reverse order
   • ls -t → sort by modification time (newest first)
   • ls -la → list all files including hidden ones (. files) in long format
   • ls -s → display file size in blocks
   • ls -lR | grep .json → recursively list all files and filter .json files using grep
   • ls *js → list all files ending with js in the current directory
   • ✅ You can combine these flags like ls -ltr to customise the output
5. mkdir folderName → creates a new folder
6. touch index.js → creates a new file
7. cat new.txt → prints the content of the file
   • cat > new.txt → to write content to the file
   • cat >> new.txt → to append the content to the file
8. vi filename.xyz → vim is a text editor inside your terminal. It's used to edit files directly from the command line.
   • i → to enter insert mode
   • ESC → followed by :wq! to save and exit from the vim terminal or just :q! to exit without saving
9. mv file/folder loc → used to move one file or folder to another folder
   • mv index.js prac.js → we can also use the mv command to rename a file
10. cp file loc → used to copy one file to another folder
11. cp -r folder loc → used to copy one folder to another folder, the r here refers to copy recursively
12. rm new.txt → to remove a file
13. rm -r myFolder → to remove an entire folder recursively
14. echo →
15. chmod → is used to change the permissions of a file
16. node → to run JS in terminal
17. clear or cmd + k → to clear the terminal
18. node filename.js → to run JS files
19. npm → Node Package Manager