https://www.amazon.com/All-Things-New-Movements-1860-1914/dp/0739105205

3 types of communities

Cooperative colonizers

Emphasize economic cooperation, address social and ethical problems. Aim to provide economic opportunities to families caught in urban decay

Charismatic perfectionists

Perfect life can be contained within the community, usually have spiritual dogma and operated under a religious leader.

Political pragmatists

Driven by political beliefs, mostly conservative libertarians. From Christian socialists to anarchists, have often internal disputes and slipshod admission policies.