ABG analysis
Metabolic acidosis defined as a serum HCO3 <22 mEq/L that is not generated by respiratory alkalosis
Renal Buffer
Urinary acid excretion occurs primarily in the form of NH4+ and titratable acids (H2PO4-).
In metabolic acidosis, urinary pH decreases due to increased excretion of free H+, NH4+, and H2PO4-.
Bicarbonate is completely reabsorbed from the tubular fluid in acidotic states.