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The basic mathematics used to manipulate and display graphical images.

• Computer graphics are images displayed or animated on a computer screen.
  • symbol로부터 image를 만들어내는 것을 Computer Graphics(CG)라고도 함.
• Applications of computer graphics are widespread and growing rapidly.
• For instance, computer aided design (CAD) is an integral part of many engineering processes.

Most interactive computer software for business and industry makes use of computer graphics in the screen displays and for other functions, such as

• graphical display of data, ← matplotlib를 생각해볼 것.
• desktop publishing, and
• slide production for commercial and educational presentations.

Consequently, anyone studying a computer language invariably spends time learning how to use at least two-dimensional (2D) graphics.

This section examines some of the basic mathematics used to manipulate and display graphical images.

<aside> 💡 Often,

• curved lines are approximated by short straight-line segments, and
• a figure is defined mathematically by a list of points. </aside>

Example 1

The capital letter N in Figure 1 is determined by eight points, or vertices. The coordinates of the points can be stored in a data matrix, $D$.

In addition to $D$, it is necessary to specify which vertices are connected by lines, but we omit this detail. $\blacksquare$

<aside> 💡 The main reason graphical objects are described by collections of straight-line segments is that the standard transformations in computer graphics map line segments onto other line segments.

</aside>

Once the vertices that describe an object have been transformed, their images can be connected with the appropriate straight lines to produce the complete image of the original object.