# Question Companies Difficulty Type Frequency
A. Formulas & Functions
1 Difference between relative, absolute, and mixed references. TCS, Infosys Easy Theory + Practical Most frequent
2 What are array formulas and when would you use them? Amazon, Deloitte Medium Practical Most frequent
3 Difference between VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP, INDEX, and MATCH. Google, Accenture Medium Practical Most frequent
4 How do you use XLOOKUP? Microsoft, Amazon Medium Practical Normal
5 How do you combine INDEX + MATCH for dynamic lookups? Flipkart, Wipro Medium Practical Most frequent
6 What is the difference between LOOKUP and VLOOKUP? Infosys, TCS Medium Theory Normal
7 Use of IF, IFS, and nested IF functions. Accenture, Capgemini Easy Practical Most frequent
8 Difference between SUMIF, SUMIFS, and COUNTIFS. Amazon, EY Medium Practical Most frequent
9 What is the difference between LEFT, RIGHT, MID, and TEXT functions? Infosys, Cognizant Easy Practical Most frequent
10 How do you clean text data using TRIM, CLEAN, SUBSTITUTE? Microsoft, Flipkart Medium Practical Normal
11 How do you use TEXTJOIN vs CONCATENATE? Amazon, Google Medium Practical Normal
12 Difference between volatile functions (NOW, RAND) and non-volatile. TCS, Infosys Medium Theory Normal
13 How do you calculate dynamic ranges using OFFSET? Microsoft, Amazon Medium Practical Normal
14 Explain use cases of INDIRECT function. Google, Wipro Hard Practical Rare
15 How do you calculate rank without using the RANK function? Infosys, Capgemini Medium Practical Normal
16 Explain difference between SUBTOTAL and AGGREGATE. Amazon, Deloitte Medium Practical Medium
17 What is the difference between SEARCH and FIND? Flipkart, Infosys Easy Practical Normal
18 How do you extract year, month, weekday from a date? TCS, Accenture Easy Practical Most frequent
19 How do you calculate moving averages in Excel? Amazon, Walmart Medium Practical Normal
20 How to use POWER QUERY with functions for transformations? Microsoft, EY Hard Both Rare
B. Data Cleaning & Transformation
21 How do you remove duplicates? Amazon, Flipkart Easy Practical Most frequent
22 How do you handle blank cells in datasets? Infosys, TCS Easy Practical Most frequent
23 How do you split data into columns (Text-to-Columns)? Google, Wipro Easy Practical Normal
24 How to merge two datasets using formulas? Microsoft, Accenture Medium Practical Most frequent
25 How do you normalize inconsistent data (upper/lower case, spaces)? Amazon, Flipkart Easy Practical Most frequent
26 How to validate data entry using Data Validation? Infosys, TCS Medium Practical Most frequent
27 Explain Flash Fill and its uses. Microsoft, Google Easy Practical Normal
28 How do you use filters and advanced filters? Capgemini, Accenture Easy Practical Most frequent
29 How to combine multiple sheets into one dataset? Amazon, Flipkart Medium Practical Normal
30 How do you clean data using Power Query in Excel? Microsoft, EY Medium Practical Medium
31 How to unpivot data in Power Query? Infosys, TCS Medium Practical Rare
32 Difference between Replace and Substitute for cleaning data. Amazon, Cognizant Easy Practical Normal
33 How to detect and handle outliers in Excel? Google, Microsoft Hard Practical Normal
34 How to remove duplicates but keep latest entry? Amazon, Flipkart Medium Practical Normal
35 Use of Named Ranges in large datasets. Infosys, Wipro Medium Practical Most frequent
C. Pivot Tables & Reporting
36 What are Pivot Tables and why are they used? Amazon, Flipkart Easy Theory Most frequent
37 How do you create calculated fields in Pivot Table? Infosys, TCS Medium Practical Most frequent
38 Difference between Value Field Settings: Sum, Count, Average, etc. Google, Capgemini Easy Practical Normal
39 How do you group data by dates (Months, Quarters)? Microsoft, Amazon Medium Practical Most frequent
40 How to use slicers in Pivot Tables? Infosys, Accenture Easy Practical Most frequent
41 How do you show % of total or running total in Pivot Table? Amazon, Flipkart Medium Practical Most frequent
42 Difference between Pivot Table and Power Pivot. Microsoft, Google Medium Theory Medium
43 How do you refresh Pivot Tables automatically? TCS, Infosys Medium Practical Normal
44 How do you combine multiple Pivot Tables into a dashboard? Amazon, Flipkart Medium Practical Normal
45 How do you limit data size for Pivot Table? Infosys, Capgemini Hard Practical Rare
46 How to use GETPIVOTDATA function? Microsoft, Amazon Medium Practical Normal
47 How do you apply conditional formatting inside Pivot Tables? Flipkart, Wipro Medium Practical Medium
48 How do you calculate YoY growth inside Pivot Table? Amazon, Deloitte Medium Practical Normal
49 Explain Power Pivot Data Model and relationships. Microsoft, Infosys Hard Theory + Practical Rare
50 How do you use Pivot Charts? Flipkart, Amazon Easy Practical Normal
D. Charts & Visualization
51 What is difference between bar chart, histogram, and column chart? Infosys, TCS Easy Theory Most frequent
52 How to add secondary axis in a chart? Amazon, Microsoft Easy Practical Most frequent
53 How do you create dynamic charts using Named Ranges? Google, Wipro Medium Practical Normal
54 How to add trendlines in Excel charts? Infosys, Amazon Easy Practical Most frequent
55 Difference between combo charts and dual-axis charts. Microsoft, Accenture Medium Theory Normal
56 How to make interactive charts with slicers? Amazon, Flipkart Medium Practical Normal
57 How do you highlight specific points in charts (like max/min)? Infosys, Wipro Medium Practical Normal
58 How to use Sparklines in Excel? Microsoft, Google Medium Practical Normal
59 How do you create KPI dashboards in Excel? Amazon, Deloitte Hard Practical Rare
60 How to create waterfall charts in Excel? Infosys, TCS Hard Practical Rare
E. Data Analysis Tools
61 What is Goal Seek in Excel? Infosys, TCS Easy Practical Most frequent
62 What is Scenario Manager? Amazon, Deloitte Medium Practical Normal
63 What is Data Table (one/two variable)? Microsoft, Flipkart Medium Practical Normal
64 Explain Solver in Excel. Infosys, Google Hard Practical Medium
65 How to create sensitivity analysis using Data Table? Amazon, Deloitte Hard Practical Medium
66 How to calculate correlation in Excel? Flipkart, Microsoft Medium Practical Normal
67 Difference between regression in Excel vs R/Python. Infosys, EY Hard Theory Rare
68 How do you use descriptive statistics toolpack in Excel? Amazon, TCS Medium Practical Normal
69 How to calculate percentiles and quartiles in Excel? Microsoft, Wipro Medium Practical Normal
70 How to perform hypothesis testing in Excel? Infosys, Deloitte Hard Practical Medium
71 How to calculate CAGR in Excel? Amazon, Google Medium Practical Normal
72 How to run Monte Carlo simulations in Excel? Microsoft, EY Hard Practical Rare
73 Difference between correlation and covariance in Excel. Infosys, TCS Medium Theory Normal
74 How to calculate z-scores in Excel? Flipkart, Amazon Medium Practical Normal
75 How do you use Excel for forecasting trends? Amazon, Microsoft Hard Practical Medium
F. Advanced Features
76 What are Macros in Excel? Infosys, Wipro Medium Theory + Practical Most frequent
77 What is VBA? Provide a simple automation use case. Microsoft, Amazon Hard Practical Medium
78 Difference between Macro recording vs writing VBA code. Infosys, TCS Hard Theory Normal
79 How do you debug VBA code in Excel? Amazon, Wipro Hard Practical Rare
80 How to secure a workbook with password and permissions? Microsoft, Infosys Easy Practical Normal
81 What is the difference between Shared Workbook and Co-authoring? Google, Amazon Medium Theory Normal
82 How do you create custom functions in Excel? Microsoft, Infosys Hard Practical Medium
83 How to use Power Query for ETL inside Excel? Amazon, Deloitte Hard Practical Medium
84 Difference between Excel and Power BI. Infosys, TCS Medium Theory Normal
85 How do you handle performance issues in large Excel files? Amazon, Google Medium Practical Normal
86 What is Excel’s Data Model and why use it? Medium
87 What are dynamic arrays in Excel? Amazon, Google Medium Practical Normal
88 Explain SEQUENCE, FILTER, SORT dynamic functions. Microsoft, Wipro Medium Practical Normal
89 What are limitations of Excel compared to SQL/Python? Infosys, Deloitte Medium Theory Most frequent
90 How to connect Excel with external databases? Microsoft, Amazon Hard Practical Medium
G. Business Scenarios & Case Studies
91 Create a sales dashboard using Pivot Tables and Charts. Amazon, Deloitte Hard Practical Most frequent
92 Calculate employee attrition rate using Excel formulas. Infosys, TCS Medium Practical Normal